Loom for weaving cross-woven fabrics.



No. 839,435. PATENTED DEC. 25. 1906. H. STIA'UBLI. LOOM FOR WEAVING(moss WOVEN FABRICS.

I APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 19, 1904.

2 BHEETBSHEET l.

lr/vmvss:

No. 839,435. PATENTED DEC. 25, 1906 H. STAUBLL.

LOOM FOR WEAVING CROSS WOVEN FABRICS. APPLICATION rmm sun. 19. 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- WIT/V5885 2533,

nuns cm. WASNIQIGTON. y. c.

UNITE STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

HERMANN STAUBLI, OF HORGEN, SWITZERLAND.

LOOIVI FOR WEAVING CROSS-WOVEN FABRICS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 25, 1906.

Application filed September 19, 1904. Serial No. 225,101.

To all whomit may concern.-

Be it known that I, HERMANN STAUBLI, a citizen of the Republic ofSwitzerland, residing at Horgen, Switzerland, have invented new anduseful Improvements in Looms for Weaving Cross-I/Voven Fabrics, of whichthe following is a specification.

For the production of cross-woven fabrics there has heretofore beenemployed apparatus provided with a vertically-reciproeating open reed, astationary reed in front of the harness, a vertically-reciprocatingneedlecomb, and a leaf arranged between the stationary reed and theneedle comb and provided with doup-healds that are drawn through theneedles of the comb and divide the warp-threads into selected groups.For the purpose of forming the twist shed the needle-comb, with itsdoup-heald, is drawn upward out of the (lobby, so as to bring into theupper shed the groups of cross or whip threads drawn against the needlesand held in the doup-healds.

Now according to the present invention a divided or two-part reed isemployed having an upper reed portion for the cross-threads and a lowerreed portion for the standing threads, both reed portions being moved upand down in opposite directions. The crossthreads in the forming of theshed are lifted out and brought into the bottom of the shed by the upperreed portion (which has a toand-fro motion in addition to its up-anddownmotion) through the medium of fillings provided in both reed portionsbetween the lids of the reed-dents that receive the groupse of threads.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 to 11 illustrate, by way ofexample, a construction of apparatus of this kind for the production ofcross-woven fabrics. Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly in section; Fig.2, a part plan of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 a front elevation of a device foractuating the divided or two-part reed. Fig. 4 illustrates a detail ofFig. 1, and Fig. 5 illustrates a detail of Fig. 3 in another view. Fig.6 shows the position of the two-part reed during the formation of theshed for ordinary weaving, and Figs. 7 and 8 show the position of thereed during the formation of the shed for cross-weaving. Fig. 9 is adiagrammatic representation, by way of example, of a piece ofcross-woven fabric, illustrating, by way of example, the arrangement ofthe threads in the weaving. Fig. 10 illustrates a detail on a largerscale. Fig. 11

is a section on the line A B of Fig. 10. Fig. 12 illustrates a modifiedconstruction of the reed. Fig. 13 is a section on the line C D of Fig.12, and Figs. 14 to 16 relate to a further modified construction of thereed.

1, Fig. 1, is the main shaft of a loom from which motion is imparted tothe lay or batten 2, that is adapted to be oscillated on the axle 4 bymeans of the arms or swords 3. Along the rear side of the laythere isarranged a divided or two-part reed which is composed of the upper reedportion 6 and the lower reed portion 7, the latter portion beingarranged a small distance in front of the upper reed portion 6. Thedents 8, Figs. 10 and 11, of each reed portion are arranged in groups ofthree dents each, the said groups being arranged side by side at regularintervals apart, and the spaces between the ends of the dents of eachgroup are filled 'up in such a manner as to connect together the dentsof each group and to leave between these dents the requisite free spacefor the formation of the shed. All the groups of dents of each reedportion are fastened at one end between flat bars 10 and double collars9, wound with wire, and are connected with'one another by fillings of,for instance, tin solder, and they thus constitute the reed portion, theother free ends of the groups of dents being made pointed. The reedportions 6' and 7 are carried by longitudinal bars 11, which are intheir turn fixed, by means of plates 12, to guide-pieces 13, that arecapable of moving up and down in opposite directions along the bars 15,which are connected, by means of arms 14, to the lay swords or arms 3.The upper reed portion 6 is also capable of movement in a horizontaldirection, and its plates 12 are formed with longi tudinal slots.

On the shaft 1 is mounted the driving-pulley 16, by the side of which isthe loose pulley 17, having on its boss a disk 18, capable of beingshifted along a feather. The boss of this disk is formed with an outerannular groove 19, and on that side of the disk which is farthest fromthe boss there are fixed two pins 20, which are arranged diametrically oposite to each other and which by the s ifting of the disk 18 are causedto engage in corresponding concentrically-arranged slots 21 in acounter-disk 22, that is mounted loose on the shaft 1, whereby these twodisks can be coupled with each other. A pinion 23 is mounted on the bossof the disk 22. The

recess of the piece fork of a lever 25, which is capable of rotatinghorizontally on the vertical axle 24, engages by means of pins in theannular groove of the disk 18. In a transverse slot in the same axle 24there is mounted the belt-fork rod 26, which is rovided with an arm 27(that is extended beyond the pivot-axle 24) and is capable of rotationin a horizontal sense similar to the lever 25. The arm 27 passes througha guide-eye 28 of a spring-bar 29, which is attached in a verticalmanner to the framing of the machine, and the upper part of whichextends through the slot 31 of an angle-piece and bears therein underpressure against a nose 32, which projects into the slot, Fig. 2.

On the belt-fork rod 26 there is fixed a carrier or dog 33, having arecess, and on the lever 25 there is pivoted a two-armed lever 34 35,the arm 34 of which is situated over the 33 and is held in this positionby a spring engaging with the arm 35. The upper end of the bar 29 isformed as a handle, and the arm of the double lever 34 35 is connectedby tensile devices to a dobby apparatus and can be actuated from thatapparatus.

for'the upward and downward movements of the reed portions 6 and 7. Forthe purpose of producing contrary motion of the reed portions theeccentric 39 is keyed in position ninety degrees apart from theeccentric 40.

The reed portion 6 receives its motion from the approximatelyheart-shaped eccentric 39 through the medium of the connecting-rod 41,provided with fork and antifrictionroller, through levers 42, fixed on atransverse axle, and through the rods 43, which are pivoted to them andto the plates 12 of the reed portion 6. The motion of the reed portion 7is derived from the eccentric 40 through the medium of a connecting-rod44, provided with fork and antifriction-roller, through levers 45, alsofixed on a transverse axle, and through rods 46 pivoted to the plates 12of the reed portion 7, Figs. 1 and 3.

The longitudinal motion of the upper reed portion 6 takes place afterthe upward movement of this reed portion and is effected through themedium of a downwardlyhanging pawl 47, which is pivoted to one of theguide-pieces 13 of the reed portion and is adapted to engage with aratchet-wheel 48. The wheel 48, together with a tappet-disk 49, ispivoted on one guide-bar 15. The disk 49 is held after each partialrotation by means of a pawl 50, which is provided with anantifriction-roller and which is caused by springpressure to bearagainst a recessed rim 51 of the tappetdisk. A double lever 52 53,pivoted on the aforesaid bar 15, is caused by a spring to bear with itsarm 52 (that is provided with an antifriction-roller) against theperiphery of the tappet-disk 49. The other lever-arm 53, which islikewise provided with an antifriction-roller,bears against a fixed stop54 on the reed portion 6, which is caused by a spring 55 to be held incontact with lever-arm 53. The tappet-disk 49 is provided on itsperiphery with small and large tappets 56 57, arranged alternatelybehind one another at regular intervals of distance apart. They aredivided by recesses 58 from one another and serve to cause the doublelever 52 53 to make alternately a long stroke, which is transmittedsimilarly to the reed portion 6. On the shaft 36 there is also mounted adisk 59, which is provided on its periphery with two tappets 60,arranged diametrically opposite to each other, and against the underside of which the arm 61 (provided with an anti friction-roller) of adouble lever 61 62, pivoted at 63, is caused by spring-pressure to bear.The other lever-arm 62 is connected by a rod 64 with a lever 65, whichis connected with a second lever 66, that is fixed on an axle 67,arranged in hearings on the framing of the machine and that bears withan antifrictionroller against the rear side of the bar 29. By the sideof the disk 59 on the shaft 36 is mounted another disk 68, which isformed on its periphery with two recesses 69, situated diametricallyopposite to each other, and in which the antifriction-roller of a lever70, pivoted at 63 and acted on by a spring, is adapted to engage attimes for the purpose of looking the shaft 36 in position after everycompleted halfrevolution, Figs. 1 and 4.

The warp-threads which are drawn through the healds 5 and the two-partreed are divided by the two reed portions 6 and 7 into two groups ofthreadsnamely, the standing threads and the cross or whip threads. Thestanding threads are again passed in groups between the dents 8 of eachgroup of dents of the reed portion 7, and the cross-threads are passedin a similar manner between the dents of the groups of dents of the reedportion 6 and are held between these dents that are closed at top andbottom. In weaving an ordinary plain fabric the position of the reedportions 6 and 7 in a lateral direction rela tively to each other issuch that each group of dents of the rear reed portion 6 is situated inline with the space between two groups of dents of the forward reedportion -7, the arrangement being such that the two outermost dents ofone group of dents of the reed portion 6 coincide with the juxtaposedoutermost dents of two adjacent groups of dents of the reed portion 7.as shown in Figs. 12 and 13, the mid le dent In this arran ement,

of each group of dents of the rear reed portion 6 may be made deeper, sothat it extends through the space between two groups of dents of theforward reed portion 7 and is flush with the forward side of this saidreed portion for the purpose of completing the forf yard reed portionwhen beating up the we The operation of the herein-described ap paratusis as follows: The position of the two-part reed in Figs. 1 and 3corresponds with that shown in Fig. 8. In this figure the reed portion 6is shown entirely depressed, and the reed portion 7 is shown in itsuppermost position vertically, while laterally the reed portion 6 isshifted to the extent of one spacing or width of one group of dents relatively to the reed portion 7. threads and the cross-threads, are liftedby the healds 5 to the top of the shed, while the cross-threads, byreason of the position of the reed portion 6, are brought down and overthe standing threads, so that the shuttle can carry the weft-threadsthrough the open shed of the cross-threads which is thus formed, therebyproducing the crossing indi cated by I in Fig. 9. The shaft 36 is lockedby the lever 70, and the driving-belt is held by the belt-fork 26 in itsposition on the fast pulley, while the bar 29 presses on the nose 32 ofthe angle-piece 30, and so remains until the desired weft-threads areinserted. Now the dobby acts upon these parts by pulling the cords orother tensile devices connected to the bar 29 and the lever 34 35. Thebar 29 is therebymoved laterally and shoots past the nose 32 in the slot31 to the rear, and at the same time the arm 34 of the double lever 3435 is rotated, and thereby enters the notch in the carrier 33, and thuscouples the lever 25 to the bar 26. By means of the bar 29, which shootsback by reason of elasticity, the belt-fork rod 26 is rotated, so as toshift the belt from the fast pulley 16 onto theloose pulley 17. In thismanner after the standing threads and the cross-threads have been drawnby the heald 5 into the middle-shed position, Fig. 7, the shaft 1, andtherefore the loom, is stopped. By means of the lever 25 the disk 18 isshifted and is brought, by means of the pins 20, into engagement withthe disk 22, and by this means the latter is caused by the pulley 17 torotate. By means of the pinion 23, the chain 38, and the wheel 37 theshaft 36 is caused to rotate in the same direction indicated by thearrow in Fig. 1. The eccentrics 39 and 40 act now, respectively, upontheir respective rods 41 42 43 and 44 45 46, whereby the reed portion 6is raised and the reed portion 7 is depressed. Vhen the two reedportions have reached their highestand lowest positions, respectively,the upper reed portion 6 is moved back into its initial osition by meansof the ratchet-wheel 48, w rich is rotated by The standing the pawl 47,and therefore also rotates the tappet-disk 49, the arm 52 of the lever52 53 leaving the tappet 56 and engaging, by means of its roller, in theadjacent recess 58, so that the upper arm 53 of the lever is able to actupon the stop 54 of the reed portion 6. Then on further rotation of theeccentrics 39 and 40 the reed portion 6 will move down again and againraise the reed portion 7 i. (2., move into the position shown in Fig. 6.Now one tappet 60 of the disk 59 comes in operation and rotates thelever 61 62 and by means of the rods 64 65 66 moves the bar 29 in theslot 31 again forward in opposition to its spring action, so that thesaid bar snaps again behind the nose 32 and is held by it in itsposition. By the forward movement of the lever the belt-fork rod 26 andthe lever 25 are moved back again into the position shown in Fig. 2,whereby the belt is brought again onto the fast pulley 16 and the disks18 22 are again uncoupled. At the same moment the lever-arm 70 hassnapped with its roller by the action of its spring into a recess 69 inthe disk 6 and it thereby locks the shaft 36 in position after it hascompleted its half-revolution. The dobby now releases the lever 34 35again, so that its arm 34 moves out of the recess of the carrier 33. Bythe locking of the shaft 36 the reed portions 6 and 7 after having movedinto the position shown in. Fig. 6 will also remain therein, while theloom starts again and produces a plain fabric. If it be now desired toproduce a further crossing, the dobby is caused to act again upon thebar 29 and lever 34 35. The former will be released and will snap back,and the bar 26 and the lever 25 will be coupled together by the lever 3435, and the belt will be shifted, by means of the fork, onto the loosepulley, and the disks 1.8 22 will be caused to engage with each other,so that the shaft 1-i. e., the loomwill therefore be stopped, while theshaft 36 will be caused to rotate. The reed portions 6 and 7 are againrespectively raised into the highest position and depressed into thelowest position by means of the eccentrics 39 40, and the reed portion 6is moved laterally by a higher tappet 57 of the disk 49, which isrotated by the pawl 47 during the upward movement of the reed portion 6,said tappet acting upon the double lever52 53. The groups ofcross-threads passing through the reed portion 6 are in that operationbrought past and over the groups of straight threads situated in themiddle shed, and the shifting of the reed portion 6 is also greater tocorrespond with the tappet 57. Then the groups of standing threads andcross-threads are raised into the upper shed by the healds 5 on thecomplete depression and rising of the respective reed portions 6 and 7;but the cross-threads are, however, drawn down by the reed portion 6 forthe purpose of forming the open crossing-shed, as shown in Fig. 8, so

that the shuttle can insert the Weft-threads, whereupon the two groupsof threads are brought into the middle shed by the healds 5, whereby alonger cross-weave is produced, as shown at II in Fig. 9, owing to thegreater lateral displacement of the cross-threads. Then the dobby locksthe shaft 36 again, and the loom is started again to produce a plainfabric. It is obvious that these crossings can be formed by means of thecard of the dobby apparatus one after another with any desired intervalsof distance-apart and of any desired kind by the alternating arrangementof different sized tappets on the tappet-disk 49, so as to produce themost varied designs.

It is in many instances necessary to arrange the crossings in singlegroups only over the breadth of the fabric or at any desired distancesapart in accordance with the desired design. An arrangement of reedportion suitable for this purpose is shown in Figs. 14 to 16. In thisarrangement there is provided a bar 71, which is formed over its entirelength with notches 72, situated side by side, into which at the placesdetermined by the design the several groups of dents are inserted andare held fast therein by a bar 73 by means of clips 74. In order toprevent vertical movement of the groups of dents in the bar 71, a wire75, that extends throughout the length of the said bar, is insertedtherein, entering corresponding recesses in the groups of dents.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the saidinvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare thatwhat I claim is 1.' In a loom the combination with a twopart reed, ofmeans to move one of the parts vertically, and mechanism controlled bythe vertical movement of said part to laterally shift said part,substantially as described.

2. In a loom the combination with the swords and a two-part reed andmeans to vertically move both reed parts; of mechanism carried by theswords to laterally move the upper reed portion and means operated bythe vertical movement of said upper reed portion, to laterally move theupper reed portion, substantially as described.

3. In a loom the combination with means to weave a plain fabric, ofdevices to stop the operation of the plain fabric-weaving means,cross-weaving devices set in operation during such stoppage to crosssets of warp-threads, means to reset the loom in o eration to insert thedesired weft-picks while the warps are held crossed, and mechanism toagain stop the loom during the uncrossing of the warp-threads andpreparatory to continuing the plain weaving, substantially as described.

4. In a loom, the combination with means to weave a plain fabric, ofdevices to automatically stop the operation of the plainweaving means,cross-weaving devices set in and out of operation to form a cross-weavewith the same warp-threads, and means to vary the length of thecross-weave, substantially as described.

5. In a loom, to weave a plain fabric, including shedding mechanism anda two-part reed, of means to laterally move one of the parts of the reedto cross one set of warp-threads over the other, and means to move bothparts of the reed to and from each other to form a shed independently ofthe shedding mechanism for the plain fabric, substantially as described.

6. In a loom, the combination with means to weave a plain fabric,including shedding mechanism, of means to stop the operation of theplain-fabric-weaving means, a twopart reed, one of the parts movingbehind the other and both parts having long interdental spaces to permitthe shed by the plainfabric mechanism, means to laterally move one ofthe parts of the reed to move one set of warp-threads across anotherset, and means to move the reed parts to form a shed of the crossedwarps, substantially as described.

7. In a loom such as described, the combination with the swords; of atwo-part reed carried thereby, mechanism to move the parts of the reedto and from each other, means to move one of the reed parts laterallyincluding a device to control the extent of lateral movement and set inoperation by the vertical movement of the laterally-movable reedportion.

8. In a loom such as described, the combination with the swords andguide-rods thereon of a two-part reed mounted on the guide-rods, meansto separately move the parts of the reed on the guide-rods, one of theparts of said reed also laterally movable, a lever mounted on aguide-rod to laterally move one of the reeds, a ratchet-wheel and acontroller cam carried thereby both mounted on a rod 15, said cam actingon the lever and thereby controlling the extent of lateral movement ofthe laterally-movable reed, and a pawl to actuate the ratchetwheel andcam actuated by the vertical movement of the laterally-movable reed,substantially as described.

9. In a loom such as described, the combination with the swords andguide-rods 15 thereon; of a two-part reed rods, means to move the partsof the reed separately up and down, ,one of said reed parts alsolaterally movable, a spring to normally hold this part against lateralmovement, a lever mounted on a rod 15 engaging the laterally-movablereed portion, a ratchetwheel, a controller-cam having a notched bossconnected to the ratchet-wheel, both the combination with means mountedon said mounted on said rod 15, a spring-actuated latch to engage thenotches, a pivoted pawl moving up and down with the laterally-movablereed part and engaging the ratchetwheel, whereby the cam will be rotatedto actuate the lever and laterally move the reed portion the requirednumber of dents, substantially as described. r

10. In a loom, the combination with mechanism to weave a plain fabric;of a two-part reed the dents thereof arranged in groups, the dents inone of the parts opposite the l spaces between the groups of dents inthe l other, thereby forming a continuous reed, l and mechanism timed togive relative movement to the separate parts of the reed to cross thewarp-threads in one part over warpthreads in the other part,substantially as described.

11. In a loom, the combination with mechanism to weave a plain fabric ofa two-part reed having long interdental spaces, the dents of which arearranged in groups and the groups of dents connected at their free ends,means to laterally move one of the parts of the reed, some of the dentsof each group in said laterally-movable part projecting through thespaces between the groups of dents in the other part to present a uniformly-divided striking-face on the reed, whereby one or moreWarp-threads carried by the laterally-movable reed portion can be movedacross one or more warp-threads in the other portion of the reed,substantially as described.

12. The combination with a dobby-loom and its driving-shaft, of a fastand a loose beltpulley thereon, a crossweaving driving mechanism, anauxiliary shaft and means to operate said mechanism, means to drive theauxiliary shaft from the loose pulley, a belt shifter and means toactuate the belt-shifter 1 controlled by thedobby to automatically bringthe cross-weaving mechanism into I operation, substantially asdescribed.

13. The combination with a dobby-loom, its driving-shaft and a fast andloose pulley thereon; of a crossweaving mechanism, an auxiliary shaft todrive the same, a pinion loose on the driving-shaft to drive theauxiliary shaft, a clutch between the pinion and I loose pulley, abelt-shifting lever and a clutch-operating arm, a latch to connect saidarm and lever, a spring to move the beltshifting lever, said springreleased and the latch operated by the dobby, whereby theclutch-operating arm will be connected to the belt-shifting lever toautomatically place the plain-fabric-weaving mechanism out of operationand simultaneously start the crossweaving mechanism, substantially asdescribed.

14. The combination with a d0bby-loom, its driving-shaft, and a fast anda loose pulley thereon; of a crossweaving mechanism, an auxiliary shaftto drive the same, a pinion loose on the driving-shaft to drive theauxiliary shaft, a clutch between the pinion and loose pulley, abelt-shifting lever, a clutchoperating arm, a latch to connect said armand lever, a spring, normally held out of operation, to move thebelt-shifting lever,

. said spring released and the latch operated by the dobby, alocking-cam having notches therein on the auxiliary shaft, a lever toengage the notches and hold the auxiliary shaft in inoperative position,cams on the auxiliary shaft, to disengage said lever and lockingcam, andmechanism operated by said lever to return to normal position andoperate the beltshifter, substantially as described.

15. The combination with a loom, of a twopart reed and swords, of a rod15 on each sword, means to slidably connect the parts of the reed tosaid rods, means to laterally move one of the reed parts, an auxiliaryshaft, cams thereon, rods operated by the cams, levers 42 and 45operated by the rods and rods 42, 46 to move the reed parts up and down,substantially as described.

16. In a loom the combination with a main driving-shaft, plain-weavingmechanism operated therefrom, and a fast and a loose pulley mounted onsaid shaft; of crossweaving mechanism driven from the loose pulley andmeans to automatically and intermittently bring the crossweavingmechanism into operation, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specificatlon in thepresence of two subsoribmg witnesses.

HERMANN STliUBLI.

WVitnesses:

MAX Form, A. LIEBERKNEOHT.

